To quantitatively explore the relationship between cognitive flexibility and STBs, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis with a specific focus on set-shifting abilities. By emphasizing questionnaires and cognitive tasks that assess …

There is wide variability in the degree to which individuals perceive their internal experiences as acceptable and appropriate, or inappropriate, “bad,” or unnecessary. Habitual engagement in a non-evaluative stance toward one’s thoughts …

Abnormalities in autobiographical remembering characterize emotional disorders. Literature has demonstrated that emotional disorders, in particular individuals with major depression show a decrease in recalling positive memory, an increase in …

Emotional experience is a key aspect of well-being, often fluctuating throughout everyday encounters (Gross, 2002 ). The impact of emotions on individuals can be either beneficial or detrimental, depending on how effectively they are regulated (Yeh …

Depression is among the most common mental health difficulties in the United States and is one of the leading causes of disease across the globe (Richards, 2011 ). For decades, researchers and clinicians alike have sought to find risk and …

Exposure to stress and traumatic incidents in the workplace is related to deterioration in mental health, with the most significant outcome being post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms (Dautovich et al., 2023 ; Robinson et al., 1997 ; Van …

Test anxiety is the specific psychological condition triggered in a test scenario and is characterized by recurring test-related concerns and corresponding physiological reactions such as sweating, palpitation, and stomach upset. Recent surveys …

Starting from adolescence, interactions with peers gain in importance (Gray et al., 2017 ). In line with their growing need for autonomy and their wish for emotional intimacy, adolescents increasingly turn to peers for support (Gray et al., 2017 ).

According to major national treatment guidelines, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is the first-line treatment for obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), and it has shown its efficacy in numerous randomized-controlled trials (e.g., APA, 2007 ; …

Negative posttraumatic thought plays a critical role in the development, maintenance, and treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Cognitive models of PTSD describe how trauma can contribute to negative thought that maintains PTSD …

Dynamic systems theory proposes that significant changes in human development occur when repeated, destabilizing experiences accumulate, reaching a critical point that disrupts intrapersonal and extrapersonal systems (Bak & Chen, 1991 ; Kelso, 1997 …; Schiepek et al.,

“Over the history of science, stylistic preferences for one term over another often prevail at the expense of mutual understanding and knowledge acquisition. This is the case for metacognitive studies

” (Proust,

2019

, p. 309).

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe chronic mental illness affecting approximately 1–2% of the global population (McIntyre et al., 2020 ). It is characterized by recurrent episodes of depressive, manic, or mixed symptoms interspersed with euthymic …

We know of only one study that examined attention control as a moderator of the association between threat interpretation bias and social anxiety severity. In a nonreferred sample of 71 youths with social anxiety disorder and 42 youths with no …

As per its definition in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by recurrent and intrusive thoughts or urges as well as co-occurring compulsions to regulate distress …

Improving memory for treatment may be a way to improve outcomes for psychotherapy for major depressive disorder (MDD) (Bruijniks et al., 2019a , b , c , d ; Harvey et al., 2014 ). During cognitive behavioral therapy, one of the most frequently …

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a severe and globally prevalent mental health issue with a high risk of episodic recurrence and persistence of residual symptoms (Kessler et al., 2009 ). Even after receiving appropriate treatment, a large …