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Gepubliceerd in:

01-04-2004 | Artikelen

Genpolymorfismen en inflammatoire darmziekten

Auteurs: L. de Ridder, P. C. F. Stokkers, E. H. H. M. Rings

Gepubliceerd in: Tijdschrift voor Kindergeneeskunde | Uitgave 2/2004

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Samenvatting

De ziekte van Crohn en colitis ulcerosa zijn chronische inflammatoire darmziekten. Het zijn multifactoriële aandoeningen met een complexe interactie tussen genetische, bacteriële en immunologische factoren, leidend tot ontsteking van de darm en het darmslijmvlies. Vooralsnog lijkt de genetische invloed bij de ziekte van Crohn sterker dan bij colitis ulcerosa. Onlangs is het eerste gen geïdentificeerd dat duidelijk geassocieerd is met het risico op de ontwikkeling van de ziekte van Crohn. Het gen codeert voor het card15/nod2-eiwit en polymorfismen in het betreffende gen zijn onder andere geassocieerd met ziekteactiviteit in de dunne darm en het optreden van ziekte op jongere leeftijd. Met betrekking tot de therapie van de ziekte van Crohn zijn relevante polymorfismen bekend geworden in het gen dat codeert voor het enzym thiopurine-methyltransferase. Dit enzym speelt een belangrijke rol bij de omzetting van azathioprine. Azathioprine geldt als een van de belangrijkste opties voor onderhoudsbehandeling bij de ziekte van Crohn. Polymorfismen in dit gen bepalen of spiegels van azathioprinemetabolieten uiteindelijk werkzaam of hepatotoxisch zullen zijn. In dit artikel wordt de bijdrage van erfelijkheid aan inflammatoire darmziekten beschreven. Daarnaast wordt de rol van genpolymorfismen bij de vatbaarheid voor de ziekte van Crohn en bij de behandeling van deze ziekte geschetst. Ten slotte worden de toekomstverwachtingen in het kader van genpolymorfismen omtrent etiologie, diagnostiek en behandeling van de ziekte van Crohn besproken.
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Metagegevens
Titel
Genpolymorfismen en inflammatoire darmziekten
Auteurs
L. de Ridder
P. C. F. Stokkers
E. H. H. M. Rings
Publicatiedatum
01-04-2004
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Gepubliceerd in
Tijdschrift voor Kindergeneeskunde / Uitgave 2/2004
Print ISSN: 0376-7442
Elektronisch ISSN: 1875-6840
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03061489