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Neuropraxis
Gepubliceerd in:

01-10-2003 | Artikelen

Executieve functies van geboorte tot adolescentie: een literatuuroverzicht

Auteur: D. Smidts

Gepubliceerd in: Neuropraxis | Uitgave 5/2003

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Extract

Beschadiging aan de frontale hersengebieden, met name de prefrontale delen, kan significante problemen in het executief functioneren veroorzaken. Dit kan zich uiten in het onvermogen om te plannen, een beperkte zelfregulatie, moeite met initiatief nemen en in sociaal onverantwoord gedrag (Barrash, Tranel & Anderson, 2000; Eslinger & Damasio, 1985; Grattan, Bloomer, Archambault & Eslinger, 1994; Lezak, 1995; Stuss & Benson, 1986). Dergelijke functiestoornissen komen niet alleen voor bij volwassenen, maar kunnen ook veroorzaakt worden door frontaal hersenletsel bij kinderen. Onderzoek heeft aangetoond dat zulk letsel bij kinderen kan leiden tot verscheidene cognitieve functiestoornissen en gedragsproblemen, zoals impulsiviteit, moeite met het onderdrukken van sociaal ongewenste gedachten of gedragingen, aandachts- en/of concentratieproblemen, afleidbaarheid en leerstoornissen (Benton, 1991; Eslinger, Biddle, Pennington & Page, 1999; Grattan & Eslinger, 1991; Marlowe, 1992; Mateer & Williams, 1991; Williams & Mateer, 1992). Naast verworven hersenletsel kunnen executieve functieproblemen ook voorkomen bij aangeboren stoornissen of ziekten, zoals Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (adhd: Shallice et al., 2002) of diabetes (Northam et al., 2001). …
vorige artikel Woorden vooraf
volgende artikel Stress en geheugen: de rol van noradrenaline en de amygdala bij emotionele informatieverwerking
Voetnoten
1
In deze studie wordt onderzocht hoe executieve disfuncties zich manifesteren bij jonge kinderen (< 7 jaar) met adhd-symptomen. Het is van belang Nederlandse neuro-psychologische tests te ontwikkelen die geschikt zijn om executieve functies bij kleine kinderen te meten.
 
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Metagegevens
Titel
Executieve functies van geboorte tot adolescentie: een literatuuroverzicht
Auteur
D. Smidts
Publicatiedatum
01-10-2003
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Gepubliceerd in
Neuropraxis / Uitgave 5/2003
Print ISSN: 1387-5817
Elektronisch ISSN: 1876-5785
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03099824

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