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Gepubliceerd in:

01-08-2008 | Artikelen

De ontwikkeling van een biopsychisch model van psychose

Auteur: Prof. Dr. Mark van der Gaag

Gepubliceerd in: Tijdschrift voor Psychotherapie | Uitgave 4/2008

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Samenvatting

De kennis rond de biologie en de psychologie van psychose groeit en een biopsychisch model met de interactie van deze verschillende domeinen in de psychose begint zich af te tekenen. Sensitisatie van het dopaminesysteem leidt ertoe dat er vaker perceptuele aberraties en gedachte-intrusies optreden en gebeurtenissen met grote persoonlijke betekenis ervaren worden. Redeneertendensen die de prodromale toestand kenmerken beïnvloeden het betekenisgevingsproces. Snelle conclusies, overmatige causaliteit veronderstellen, de neiging bevestigende informatie te zoeken en situaties te vermijden die strijdige informatie kunnen aanleveren, leiden bij een deel van deze kwetsbare mensen tot waanvorming en psychose.
Medicamenteuze en psychologische behandeling zijn complementair. Medicatie neemt de voortgaande aberraties weg en vermindert de intrusies en de hoge mate van angst, maar verandert niet de inhoud van waanopvattingen. Cognitieve gedragstherapie kan de narratieve waanverklaring voor de psychotische verschijnselen helpen veranderen. Complotten worden in een breder perspectief gezet door aanvullende en soms strijdige informatie, en stemmen worden niet langer toegeschreven aan kwaadwillende anderen. Stemmen kunnen dan opgevat worden als een hinderlijke, maar onschuldige innerlijke ervaring.
Voetnoten
1
Een voorbeeld van de trainingsmaterialen is te downloaden vanaf www.uke.uni-hamburg.de/kliniken/psychiatrie/index_17380.php.
 
2
De handleiding voor de therapeut en het werkboek voor de stemmenhoorder zijn te downloaden vanaf www.gedachtenuitpluizen.nl.
 
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Metagegevens
Titel
De ontwikkeling van een biopsychisch model van psychose
Auteur
Prof. Dr. Mark van der Gaag
Publicatiedatum
01-08-2008
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Gepubliceerd in
Tijdschrift voor Psychotherapie / Uitgave 4/2008
Print ISSN: 0165-1188
Elektronisch ISSN: 1876-5637
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03078431