In July 2009, Dutch government installed a prohibition on smoking in the catering, sports and cultural sector. These sectors lost their exemption from statutory duty (since January 2004) to protect their employees from exposure to tobacco smoke. After an initial positive response, a number of small cafés and pubs started to act against the law. Unlike larger establishments they can not make use of the exception of a separate non-smoking room. Both a scientific proponent and opponent of the smoking ban state their arguments and possible solutions. With contributions of J. Smit and J. Melse.