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Cognitive Therapy and Research
Gepubliceerd in:

01-08-2006 | Original Article

Shame Reactions to Everyday Dilemmas are Associated with Depressive Disorder

Auteurs: Renee J. Thompson, Howard Berenbaum

Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research | Uitgave 4/2006

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Abstract

This study examined whether emotional reactions to everyday dilemmas are associated with depressive disorders in a sample of 195 undergraduates. Depressive disorder was assessed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID). Compared to controls, individuals in current depressive episodes, as well as individuals with a past history of depressive disorder who were in remission, reported more shame in response to both hypothetical interpersonal and real life everyday dilemmas. In contrast, guilt was not significantly associated with depressive disorder. These results raise the possibility that everyday dilemmas and shame responses may play important roles in depressive disorders.
volgende artikel Neediness and Interpersonal Life Stress: Does Congruency Predict Depression?
Voetnoten
1
In contrast, hassles are the frustrating demands that are characteristic of everyday transactions, such as traffic jams and losing a set of keys (Kanner et al., 1981).
 
2
Some researchers have argued that guilt is also maladaptive. However, as pointed out by Tangney (1993), such conclusions may be the result of many measures of guilt (e.g., Mosher, 1966) being confounded with shame.
 
3
Participants also responded to three interpersonal–achievement dilemmas. Since the results of analyses examining these three dilemmas fell between the results of analyses examining interpersonal–interpersonal and achievement–achievement dilemmas, they are not discussed further in this paper.
 
4
Copies of the scenarios are available upon request.
 
5
The finding that the depressive and control groups differed in their shame responses even after excluding individuals in current depressive episodes was not significantly altered when sex was controlled in the analyses.
 
6
When a participant did not write about a specific type (e.g., achievement–achievement) of real life dilemma, they were not included in that analysis. In other words, not every individual was included in these two additional analyses because not every individual provided an example of an achievement–achievement or interpersonal–interpersonal real life dilemma. On the other hand, when a participant wrote about two of the same kind of specific type of real life dilemma, their shame responses to those two dilemmas were averaged. Thus, different subsets of individuals were included in the analyses examining the hypothetical dilemmas and the analyses examining specific types of real life dilemmas.
 
7
When the preceding two logistic regression analyses were conducted after excluding the word “ashamed” from computation of the PANAS NA score, the betas were similar (β = .40, P < .05, and β = .25, P = .15, respectively).
 
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Metagegevens
Titel
Shame Reactions to Everyday Dilemmas are Associated with Depressive Disorder
Auteurs
Renee J. Thompson
Howard Berenbaum
Publicatiedatum
01-08-2006
Gepubliceerd in
Cognitive Therapy and Research / Uitgave 4/2006
Print ISSN: 0147-5916
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2819
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-006-9056-3

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