Skip to main content
Mijn bibliotheek
Ga naar:
Nieuws Boeken Tijdschriften Toetsvragen Web-tv Video Audio
Tips voor Mijn BSL
BSL Shop
Inloggen

Welkom bij Erasmus MC & Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Erasmus MC heeft ervoor gezorgd dat je Mijn BSL eenvoudig en snel kunt raadplegen. Je kunt je links eenvoudig registreren. Met deze gegevens kun je thuis, of waar ook ter wereld toegang krijgen tot Mijn BSL.

» Andere revante producten voor Erasmus MC studenten en medewerkers.

Registreer

Om ook buiten de locaties van Erasmus MC, thuis bijvoorbeeld, van Mijn BSL gebruik te kunnen maken, moet je jezelf eenmalig registreren. Dit kan alleen vanaf een computer op een van de locaties van Erasmus MC.

Eenmaal geregistreerd kun je thuis of waar ook ter wereld onbeperkt toegang krijgen tot Mijn BSL.

Login

Als u al geregistreerd bent, hoeft u alleen maar in te loggen om onbeperkt toegang te krijgen tot Mijn BSL.

Inloggen
Top
Cognitive Therapy and Research
Gepubliceerd in:

01-04-2009 | Original Article

Hostility, Interpersonal Competence, and Daily Dependent Stress: A Daily Model of Stress Generation

Auteurs: Jorden C. Sahl, Lawrence H. Cohen, Kimberly B. Dasch

Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research | Uitgave 2/2009

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail
    Link delen
publish
Publiceer nu

Abstract

We used a daily diary design to evaluate a daily model of stress generation that included both daily sadness and hostility as precipitants, and interpersonal competence as a moderator variable. Our results indicated that daily stress generation was precipitated by daily hostile, but not sad, mood. Participants’ skill at initiating interactions influenced daily stress generation in an unexpected direction. Specifically, the positive daily relationship between hostility and dependent stress was stronger for those with higher initiation scores. The results suggest that stress generation at the daily level functions differently than stress generation involving major life events. We discuss the implications of these findings for future research on stress generation.
vorige artikel Cognitive Personality Characteristics Impact the Course of Depression: A Prospective Test of Sociotropy, Autonomy and Domain-Specific Life Events
volgende artikel Implicit and Explicit Attitudes Toward Spiders: Sensitivity to Treatment and Predictive Value for Generalization of Treatment Effects
Voetnoten
1
We evaluated whether participants’ repeated monitoring of their sadness and hostility influenced their morning mood over the course of the study. Using HLM, we tested the relationship between study day (1–7) and the two morning mood variables. Sadness and hostility did not change during the study.
 
2
Table 2 correlations indicate that initial depressive symptoms and trait hostility were significantly related to mean morning sadness and hostility, respectively, and that past year’s negative events were significantly related to mean number of daily dependent stressors. We also conducted our analyses without gender, past year’s negative events, initial depressive symptoms, and trait hostility as controls. Results with and without these controls were the same.
 
3
Hierarchical models involving a count outcome variable (e.g., discrete number of events) are typically conducted using a Poisson distribution rather than a normal distribution (Raudenbush and Bryk 2002; Snijders and Bosker 1999). However, initial comparison of the results using both methods showed that they did not differ. Thus, we present models using a normal distribution for ease of interpretation.
 
4
We also examined the effect of morning mood on the type of event reported as the day’s most stressful, specifically whether it was a dependent or independent event. Hostility, but not sadness, had a significant impact on the worst event of the day, such that increases in hostility were associated with an increased likelihood that the worst event of the day would be dependent.
 
5
We also examined the effects of daily hostility and daily sadness without inclusion of the other affect variable in the model. Results for daily hostility and sadness did not change.
 
6
We tested all models (involving morning sadness and hostility, and daily dependent and independent stressors) separately for men and women. For women, hostility was a significant predictor of dependent events, and ICQ Initiation moderated this relationship. There were no significant effects for men. However, there were a relatively small number of male participants (n = 42), making it difficult to draw any conclusions regarding gender differences.
 
7
We also conducted separate analyses for dependent stressors that were interpersonal in nature and those that were not. For participants overall (men and women combined), hostility predicted the occurrence of dependent interpersonal stressors, but not non-interpersonal stressors. We then repeated these analyses separately for each gender. For women, hostility predicted dependent interpersonal, but not non-interpersonal, stressors, and ICQ Initiation was a moderator of the hostility-dependent interpersonal stress relationship in the same direction as reported previously. No effects were significant for men. However, it should be noted that 67% of reported dependent stressors were interpersonal in nature. The greater frequency of interpersonal stressors makes it difficult to draw conclusions regarding the importance of whether dependent stressors are interpersonal or not.
 
Literatuur
Adrian, C., & Hammen, C. (1993). Stress exposure and stress generation in children of depressed mothers. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 61, 354–359.PubMedCrossRef
American Psychiatric Association (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington: Author.
Beck, A. T., Steer, R. A., & Brown, G. (1996). Beck depression inventory manual (2nd ed.). San Antonio: Psychological Corporation.
Bolger, N., Davis, A., & Rafaeli, E. (2003). Diary methods: Capturing life as it is lived. Annual Review of Psychology, 54, 579–616.PubMedCrossRef
Bolger, N., DeLongis, A., Kessler, R. C., & Schilling, A. (1989). Effects of daily stress on negative mood. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 808–818.PubMedCrossRef
Bottonari, K., Roberts, J., Kelly, M., Kashdan, T., & Ciesla, J. (2007). A prospective investigation of the impact of attachment style on stress generation among clinically depressed individuals. Behavior Research and Therapy, 45, 179–188.CrossRef
Buhrmester, D., Furman, W., Wittenberg, M. T., & Reis, H. T. (1988). Five domains of interpersonal competence in peer relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 55, 991–1008.PubMedCrossRef
Buss, A. H., & Perry, M. (1992). The aggression questionnaire. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63, 452–459.PubMedCrossRef
Butler, A. C., Hokanson, J. E., & Flynn, H. A. (1994). A comparison of self-esteem lability and low trait self-esteem as vulnerability factors for depression. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66, 166–177.PubMedCrossRef
Cohen, L. H., Gunthert, K. C., Butler, A. C., O’Neill, S. C., & Tolpin, L. H. (2005). Daily affective reactivity as a prospective predictor of depressive symptoms. Journal of Personality, 73, 1687–1713.PubMedCrossRef
Cohen, L. H., McGowan, J., Fooskas, S., & Rose, S. (1984). Positive life events and social support and the relationship between life stress and psychological disorder. American Journal of Community Psychology, 12, 567–587.PubMed
Coyne, J. C. (1976). Toward an interactional description of depression. Psychiatry, 39, 28–40.PubMed
Daley, S. E., Hammen, C., Burge, D., Davila, J., Paley, B., Lindberg, N., et al. (1997). Predictors of the generation of episodic stress: A longitudinal study of late adolescent women. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 106, 251–259.PubMedCrossRef
Dasch, K. D., Cohen, L. H., Sahl, J. C., & Gunthert, K. C. (in press). Moderating effects of sociotropy and autonomy on affective and self-esteem reactivity to daily stressors. Cognitive Therapy and Research.
Davila, J., Bradbury, T. N., Cohan, C. L., & Tolchuk, S. (1997). Marital functioning and depressive symptoms: Evidence for a stress generation model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73, 849–861.PubMedCrossRef
Davila, J., Hammen, C., Burge, D., Paley, B., & Daley, S. E. (1995). Poor interpersonal problem solving as a mechanism of stress generation among adolescent women. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 104, 592–600.PubMedCrossRef
Dodge, K. A. (1991). The structure and function of reactive and proactive aggression. In D. J. Pepler & K. H. Rubin (Eds.), The development and treatment of childhood aggression (pp. 201–218). Hillsdale: Erlbaum.
Dodge, K. A., & Coie, J. D. (1987). Social-information-processing factors in reactive and proactive aggression in children’s peer groups. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 53, 1146–1158.PubMedCrossRef
Doyle, K. W., Wolchik, S. A., Dawson-McClure, S. R., & Sandler, I. N. (2003). Positive events as a stress buffer for children and adolescents in families in transition. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 32, 536–545.PubMedCrossRef
Eckenrode, J. (1984). Impact of chronic and acute stressors on daily reports of mood. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46, 907–918.PubMedCrossRef
Fleiss, J. L. (1971). Measuring nominal scale agreement among many raters. Psychological Bulletin, 76, 378–382.CrossRef
Gunthert, K. C., Cohen, L. H., & Armeli, S. (1999). The role of neuroticism in daily stress and coping. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77, 1087–1100.PubMedCrossRef
Hammen, C. (1991). Generation of stress in the course of unipolar depression. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100, 555–561.PubMedCrossRef
Hammen, C. (2006). Stress generation in depression: Reflections on origins, research, and future directions. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 62, 1065–1082.PubMedCrossRef
Hammen, C., & Brennan, P. A. (2002). Interpersonal dysfunction in depressed women: Impairments independent of depressive symptoms. Journal of Affective Disorders, 72, 145–156.PubMedCrossRef
Harkness, K. L., & Luther, J. (2001). Clinical risk factors for the generation of life events in major depression. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 110, 564–572.PubMedCrossRef
Harkness, K. L., Monroe, S. M., Simons, A. D., & Thase, M. (1999). The generation of life events in recurrent and non-recurrent depression. Psychological Medicine, 29, 135–144.PubMedCrossRef
Hokanson, J. E., & Butler, A. C. (1992). Cluster analysis of depressed college students’ social behaviors. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 62, 273–280.PubMedCrossRef
Joiner, T. E. Jr. (2002). Depression in its interpersonal context. In I. H. Gotlib & C. L. Hammen (Eds.), Handbook of depression (pp. 295–313). New York: Guilford.
Joiner, T. E. Jr., Wingate, L. R., Gencoz, T., & Gencoz, F. (2005). Stress generation in depression: Three studies on its resilience, possible mechanism, and symptom specificity. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 24, 236–253.CrossRef
Kanner, A. D., Coyne, J. C., Schaefer, C., & Lazarus, R. S. (1981). Comparison of two modes of stress measurement: Daily hassles and uplifts versus major life events. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 4, 1–39.PubMedCrossRef
Karasawa, K. (2003). Interpersonal reactions toward depression and anger. Cognition and Emotion, 17, 123–138.CrossRef
Monroe, S. M., & Simons, A. D. (1991). Diathesis stress theories in the context of life stress research: Implications for the depressive disorders. Psychological Bulletin, 110, 406–425.PubMedCrossRef
O’Neill, S. C., Cohen, L. H., Tolpin, L. H., & Gunthert, K. C. (2004). Affective reactivity to daily interpersonal stressors as a prospective predictor of depressive symptoms. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 23, 172–194.CrossRef
Park, C., Cohen, L. H., & Herb, L. (1990). Intrinsic religiousness and religious coping as life stress moderators for Catholics versus Protestants. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 12, 56–72.
Posner, K. L., Sampson, P. D., Caplan, R. A., Ward, R. J., & Cheney, F. W. (1990). Measuring interrater reliability among multiple raters: An example of methods for nominal data. Statistics in Medicine, 9, 1103–1115.PubMedCrossRef
Potthoff, J. G., Holahan, C. J., & Joiner, T. E. (1995). Reassurance seeking, stress generation, and depressive symptoms: An integrative model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68, 664–670.PubMedCrossRef
Raudenbush, S. W., & Bryk, A. S. (2002). Hierarchical linear models: Applications and data analysis methods (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks: Sage.
Roos, P., & Cohen, L. H. (1987). Sex roles and social support as moderators of life stress adjustment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 576–585.PubMedCrossRef
Sacco, W. P., Milana, S., & Dunn, V. K. (1988). The effect of duration of depressive episode on the response of others. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 7, 297–311.
Sandler, I. N., & Lakey, B. (1982). Locus of control as a stress moderator: The role of control perceptions and social support. American Journal of Community Psychology, 10, 65–80.PubMedCrossRef
Scott, W. D., Ingram, R. E., & Shadel, W. G. (2003). Hostile and sad moods in dysphoria: Evidence for cognitive specificity in attributions. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 22, 233–252.CrossRef
Segrin, C., & Abramson, L. Y. (1994). Negative reactions to depressive behaviors: A communication theories analysis. Journal of Abnormal Behavior, 103, 655–668.
Snijders, T., & Bosker, R. (1999). Multilevel analysis: An introduction to basic and advanced multilevel modeling. London: Sage Publications.
Stader, S. R., & Hokanson, J. E. (1998). Psychosocial antecedents of depressive symptoms: An evaluation using daily experiences methodology. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 107, 17–26.PubMedCrossRef
Steer, R. A., & Clark, D. A. (1997). Psychometric characteristics of the Beck Depression Inventory-II with college students. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 30, 128–136.
Tennen, H., & Affleck, G. (2002). The challenge of capturing daily processes at the interface of social and clinical psychology. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 21, 610–627.CrossRef
Tolpin, L. H., Cohen, L. H., Gunthert, K. C., & Farrehi, A. (2006). Unique effects of depressive symptoms and relationship satisfaction on exposure and reactivity to daily romantic relationship stress. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 25, 565–583.CrossRef
Tolpin, L., Cohen, L. H., Gunthert, K., & O’Neill, S. (2004). Borderline personality features and instability of daily negative affect and self-esteem. Journal of Personality, 72, 111–137.PubMedCrossRef
Watson, D., & Clark, L. A. (1994). The PANAS-X: Manual for the positive and negative affect schedule—expanded form. Iowa City: University of Iowa.
Wierzbicki, M., & McCabe, M. (1988). Social skills and subsequent depressive symptomatology in children. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 17, 203–208.CrossRef
Metagegevens
Titel
Hostility, Interpersonal Competence, and Daily Dependent Stress: A Daily Model of Stress Generation
Auteurs
Jorden C. Sahl
Lawrence H. Cohen
Kimberly B. Dasch
Publicatiedatum
01-04-2009
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Cognitive Therapy and Research / Uitgave 2/2009
Print ISSN: 0147-5916
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2819
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-007-9175-5

Andere artikelen Uitgave 2/2009

Feeling Better and Smoking Less: The Relationship Between Trauma Symptoms and Smoking Over Time

  • Original Article

Self-Focused Ruminations and Memory Deficits in Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder

  • Original Article

Cognitive Personality Characteristics Impact the Course of Depression: A Prospective Test of Sociotropy, Autonomy and Domain-Specific Life Events

  • Original Article

An Investigation of Factors Associated with Cognitive Avoidance in Worry

  • Original Article

Phenomenological Characteristics of Attentional Biases Towards Threat: A Critical Review

  • Original Article

Implicit and Explicit Attitudes Toward Spiders: Sensitivity to Treatment and Predictive Value for Generalization of Treatment Effects

  • Open Access
  • Original Article