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2025 | OriginalPaper | Hoofdstuk

14. Kinderneuropsychologie

Auteur : Ben van Cranenburgh

Gepubliceerd in: Neuropsychologie

Uitgeverij: BSL Media & Learning

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Samenvatting

Kinderen zijn geen kleine volwassenen. Het centraal zenuwstelsel is bij hen nog volop in ontwikkeling. Dit impliceert dat verstoringen van de hersenfunctie zich anders manifesteren dan bij volwassenen. Dit hoofdstuk gaat zowel in op ontwikkelingsstoornissen als op verworven stoornissen bij kinderen. De plasticiteit van het jonge brein kan tot op zekere hoogte verstoringen compenseren. De incidentie van traumatisch hersenletsel is relatief hoog bij kinderen, pubers en jongvolwassenen (onvoldoende motorische controle, impulsiviteit?). Een ontwikkelingsstoornis kan opgevat worden als een extreem voorbeeld van biologische variatie: ieder individu heeft zijn eigen zwakke en sterke kanten. Op basis van een (meestal arbitrair) criterium wordt vastgesteld dat sprake is van een stoornis of syndroom. Dit hoofdstuk geeft een overzicht over de belangrijkste ontwikkelingsstoornissen: verstandelijke beperking, taalstoornissen, leerproblemen, DCD (developmental coordination disorder), CP (cerebrale parese), autismespectrumstoornissen, ADHD en verwante stoornissen, NLD (non-verbal learning disabilities) en problemen in de sensorische informatieverwerking. De tekst is gelardeerd met praktijkvoorbeelden.
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Metagegevens
Titel
Kinderneuropsychologie
Auteur
Ben van Cranenburgh
Copyright
2025
Uitgeverij
BSL Media & Learning
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-368-3069-0_14